We must find economical methods for extracting oil from shale.

我们必须找到从页岩中采油的经济方法。

《新英汉大辞典》

Extracting oil from tar sands causes more carbon emissions than traditional drilling.

从油砂中提炼石油比传统的钻取产生更多的碳排放。

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Extracting oil from the sands took off in the late 1990s, boosted by technological advances that greatly reduced costs.

从油砂中提炼石油开始于1990年代晚期，得益于技术进步使得成本大大下降。

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It's a guess based on how much is known, and likely new finds, and how much technology might improve over the next few decades at extracting oil from those hard-to-reach rock formations.

BBC: Fact check: The boys from the black stuff

Edwards is a self-made oil billionaire who was earlier than most in appreciating the opportunity of extracting sulphurous oil from sand in northern Alberta.

FORBES: The Most Important Billionaire In Canada

Extracting the bitumen from the clay and sand and upgrading it into crude oil--by breaking its big hydrocarbon molecules into smaller, less viscous ones--is an expensive, energy-intensive process that consumes 650 cubic feet of natural gas for every barrel.

FORBES: On The Cover/Top Stories