Where a monopoly exists, the price of a product is likely to be higher than in a competitive market and the quantity sold less, generating monopoly profits for the seller.

当存在垄断时，产品的价格通常比竞争市场里的更高，卖出的量更少，产生垄断利润。

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The former state monopoly is not competitive because of its bloated, expensive workforce.

臃肿的员工编制和巨额的花费开销导致了这家前国有垄断企业竞争乏力。

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An economic life is a blend of competitive and monopoly elements.

一切经济生活都是竞争生活与垄断成分的混合物。

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So this will be the monopoly quantity for Firm 2 and this is the competitive quantity of Firm 1.

这里表示公司2的垄断产出,这里是公司1的完全竞争产出

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So I claim that this total quantity being produced is less than the competitive quantity, but more in total than the monopoly quantity.

我说吧,这种情况下的总产出,比完全竞争产量要少,但比垄断产量要大

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So we have the monopoly quantity here, and we have the competitive here, and in between what does this best response curve look like?

这样我们就算出了垄断产出,还有完全竞争产出,二者之间的图线是什么样的呢

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The solution, Richman says, is to transform what was formerly a state monopoly into a competitive market.

FORBES: Public vs. Private is a Spectrum, Not a Dichotomy

If one technology does one aspect of broadband service better than another, like speed, that technology must be a monopoly not a competitive broadband service.

FORBES: A Problem in Search of a Problem

The document first assesses the implications for Market Definition and Monopoly Power of these competitive realities.

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