多数学者认为它包含两个主要成份：元认知知识(metacognitive knowledge)和元认知过程(metacognitive process)。前者指个体对认知过程和结果的意识和理解；后者指个体对其认知过程的意志控制。
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So far, research on learning strategies has pointed to the powerful role of metacognition in language learning and the potential for greater use of metacognitive strategy in learning process.
迄今为止，学习策略方面的研究已经指出了元认知在语言学习中所起的重要作用，也指出了元认知策略在学习进程中所具备的巨大潜能。
The training of metacognitive strategies can help regulate one's cognitive process and apply one's stored knowledge consciously to become an autonomous learner.
对元认知策略的训练能使人有意识的调节自己的认知加工过程，自觉的使用学到的知识和策略，培养自主学习能力。
After an overview of the research related to L2 learners and reading strategies, the author discusses the role of metacognitive awareness in the reading comprehension process.
在回顾了二语学习与阅读策略后，作者着重讨论了阅读理解过程中元认知的作用。
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