Which of the stages in the raw material value chain do you own?

你们在原材料产业链中占有是哪个阶段的市场？

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The traditional value chain for books and printed material was linear with well-defined roles.

传统图书和印刷出版物的价值链是直线式的，作用清晰可辩。

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The paper thus proposes three methods to measure the indirect cost: material equity, economic added value, and stepwise chain comparison.

在此基础上，文章提出了财务危机间接成本估量的三种方法：实物期权法、经济附加值法以及逐期环比对比法。

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Anchor customers often are significant value chain participants, such as large material suppliers, or original equipment manufacturers with a major position in a particular market.

FORBES: Why Large Companies Should Become Anchor Customers

As process manufacturers, chemicals companies are on the upstream side of the overall consumer value chain, with heavy exposure to raw material pricing and energy costs.

FORBES: Risk Analytics: Insights for Chemicals Companies

The fundamental model we teach MBAs for thinking about manufacturing is the value chain, a simple model that describes the value adding steps that take a low value material like iron ore and turn it into a high value product like a Ferrari Testarossa.

FORBES: Sustainable Consumption Rising on the Business Agenda