Before, many teaching methods were used in English listening class, such as bottom-up or topdown, but the effect was not ideal.

以往，英语听力课教学虽采用了很多方法，如“自下而上”或“自上而下”的方法，但效果并不理想。

youdao

But they say that too often they are used without a strong understanding of their power to transform education, and many schools still use technology to support 20th Century teaching methods and learning objectives.

BBC: Costly hi-tech kit lies unused in schools, says study