Researchers have discovered that some people have a rare genetic mutation that decreases their cells' use of a particular growth hormone: insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1).

研究人员发现了一些人已经发生了极少量的基因变异，这种变异减少了细胞对某种生长激素（即，胰岛素样生长因子1（IGF1)）的使用。

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If you look in the normal population and ask what fraction of people have [a defect in methylation in the gene encoding insulin-like growth factor 2] it's about 5 percent.

如果你观察普通人群，调查多少比例的人有[胰岛素类生长因子2基因编码甲基化的缺陷]，大概是百分之5。

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Cows, like humans, produce insulin-like growth factor in response to growth hormones and release it into the blood, and the protein makes its way into their milk.

奶牛和人一样，也能在生长激素的作用下分泌类胰岛素生长因子，这种蛋白质被释放到血液里，从而进入到牛奶中。

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Drug companies including Sanofi, Merck and Pfizer are working on anticancer drugs that block insulin-like growth factor, a related molecule.

FORBES: Magazine Article

Children who are lacking in insulin-like growth factor one, or IGF-1, can have short stature--making them smaller than 97.5% of normal children.

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Amgen has moved two other cancer drugs in final stage trials, including an antibody to insulin-like growth factor 1 that is being tested in pancreatic cancer.

FORBES: Amgen Exec: "Clearly Superior" Prostate Cancer Drug Will Be Huge