A securities offering market is made up of issuer, investor, broker and regulatory institution, and its major role is how to perfect securities offering formula and how to ascertain issuing price.

股票发行市场由发行人、投资者、中介机构和证券管理机构组成，其主要的建设内容是如何完善股票发行方式和确定股票发行价格。

youdao

Based on the theories of institution change of New institution Economics, this thesis gives a systematic analysis of the evolution of stock issuing system in China.

本文运用新制度经济学理论，系统分析了中国股票发行审核制度变迁。

youdao

Each Terra can be turned in for the specified share of the basket of commodities, which would be held as 100% backing of the currency, under contract with producers of those commodities who are partners in the financial institution issuing the Terras.

FORBES: Rethinking Money: The Rise Of Hayek's Private Competing Currencies