Most epidemiological studies of ARF in the critically ill have been based at single centers, or have examined exposures at single time points using discrete outcomes (e. g., in-hospital mortality).

大多数关于危重患者伴急性肾衰的流行病学研究都以单中心为基础，或者使用离散的转归来分析单个时间点暴露所获得的资料。

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As might be expected, a diagnosis of stroke, the presence of congestive heart failure, and renal failure were also found to significantly affect in-hospital mortality.

正如可能预料中，卒中的诊断，心力衰竭以及肾功能衰竭的存在被发现也是影响住院病人死亡率的因素。

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The primary outcome measure was in-hospital mortality.

主要评估结果为住院病人死亡率。

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When one measure, the Hospital Standardised Mortality Rate, was introduced in 2001, Walsall Manor hospital was found to have the worst rate in England, compared with expected levels.

BBC: Walsall Manor Hospital improves poor death rates

Last month it also emerged that the Cumbrian trust, which runs Cumberland Infirmary in Carlisle and the West Cumberland Hospital in Whitehaven, was among 14 being investigated over high mortality rates.

BBC: Cumbria hospitals trust takeover date announced

Its 2011 report said the trust had higher than expected mortality rates for deaths while in hospital care and for those following hospital treatment.

BBC: surgery