If the reference mirror has tilt and piston errors caused by phase-shifting, the phase shifts of the pixels along the same interferogram are not a constant, but they are still kept on the same plane.

当相移器存在的相移误差包括位移误差与倾斜误差时，同一幅干涉图诸像素点的相移并不同步，但其相移量在同一平面上。

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If the carbon content of the steel is known, the proper temperature to which the steel should be heated may be obtained by reference to the iron-iron carbide phase diagram.

如果钢的含碳量已知，钢件合适的加热温度可参考铁碳合金状态图得到。

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The length of the reference path is such that if no sample is present, the two daughter beams will be as perfectly in phase when they meet as they were when they were separated.

ECONOMIST: Microscopy