We are studying one of the few known symbiotic interactions in which the bacterial partner defends its host against pathogens — rather than providing a nutritional benefit, which is more common.

我们正在研究一种很少人知晓的共生互动关系，在这种关系中，细菌保护其宿主免受病原体侵害，而不是那种更为常见的为其提供营养方面。

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Infection: Diarrhoea is a symptom of infections caused by a host of bacterial, viral and parasitic organisms, most of which are spread by faeces-contaminated water.

感染：腹泻是由许多细菌、病毒和寄生虫引起的感染症状，其中多数是由粪便污染的水源传播的。

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In other words, we don't passively host this bacterial colony, but actively engage it in conversation.

换句话说，我们并不是顺从的让这些细菌对我们殖民，而是主动参与到相互交往当中。

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Get a gene, put it in a plasmid, get that plasmid expressed in a host, could even be a bacterial host,right?

把一个基因导入一个质粒,让质粒在宿主中表达,这个宿主甚至可以是细菌,对吧

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选