... Writting Culture: The Poetics and Politics of Ethnography）；霍布斯帮和R·兰梅所著《被发明的传统》（Hobsbawm and Ranger, The Invention of Tradition）等重要著作。第四，在文化表演方面，讨论了音乐人类学所研究的主体是什么。
The modern Olympics are a model example of what the historians Eric Hobsbawmand Terence Ranger have called invented traditions ritualized official or quasi-official events, often presented as revivals of ancient practices or in other ways designed to imply continuity with the distant past.