... 其实目前得票最高的答主说的已经比较接近了。现代英语之所以发音跟书写很不一致，其实有个很重要的历史原因：元音大漂移：元音大推移（：Great Vowel Shift）是上的一次主要的转变，开始于14世纪，大体完成于15世纪中期，由大都会和港口城市向乡村的扩散一直持续到16世纪。
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Great Vowel Shift（元音大转移）: It is a series of systematic sound change at the end of the Middle English period approximately between 1400 and 1600 ...
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因为始于14世纪的「母音大推移（Great Vowel Shift），导致德语中有些双母音的发音和拼写迥异，比如äu和eu的发音是oi；ei的发音是ai（所以mein读起来是main）；ie的发音是长音的i（所...
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以上来源于: WordNet
N a phonetic change that took place during the transition from Middle to Modern English, whereby the long vowels were raised: ( became , became ), etc. The vowels () and () underwent breaking and became the diphthongs () and () 主要元音转移 [linguistics]
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