The application of modification technologies such as chemical, physical, enzymatic and genetic engineering methods in wheat protein and up-to-date progress were summarized.

综述了化学方法、物理方法、生物酶法以及基因工程等技术手段在小麦蛋白改性中的应用及最新进展。

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Metabolic engineering is the analysis of metabolic pathway and designing rational genetic modification to optimize cellular properties by using principle of molecular biology.

代谢工程是利用分子生物学原理系统分析代谢途径，设计合理的遗传修饰策略从而优化细胞的生物学特性。

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In spite of the scientific consensus that the new techniques of genetic engineering are essentially extensions, or refinements, of conventional (but less precise and less predictable) techniques of genetic modification, both U.N. entities have established requirements for the products of genetic engineering (whether plants or food derived from them) that no conventionally modified product could meet.

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