Since multicast may have many receivers, for effective transmission, the router needs a tree to join multiple IP members, with Multicast RIP and its data packet forwarding function.

多点广播的接收方可能很多，为了有效地进行传输，路由器要构造一个连接IP多点广播组所有成员的树，采用多点广播路由选择协议并启用多点广播数据包转发功能。

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Control plane and forwarding plane were two basic function planes in virtual router, correspondingly carrying logical control plane and logical forwarding plane.

控制平面和转发平面是虚拟路由器的两个基本功能平面，分别承载逻辑控制平面和逻辑转发平面。

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Use a new way to solve the Lyapunov function and controllers for a class of nonlinear systems, which involve a base system with a control input and a forwarding structure.

这部分讨论的非线性前馈系统包括一个具有可控输入的基准系统和一个前步结构，且系统里的这两部分都允许是非线性的和高阶的。

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Software-defined networks will provide some of this flexibility by separating the control function from data forwarding, but there are additional capabilities emerging, he says, such as intelligent switching of wavelengths, the ability to mix dedicated bandwidth with best-efforts networks, and application layer network traffic optimization, e.g.

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