The risk of flood operation mainly comes from the errors of flood and rainfall forecast, in the next place, the errors comes from the decision-maker's subjective preference.
水库汛限水位动态控制中的风险主要来自洪水预报和降雨预报的误差，其次来自决策者的决策误差。
Using improved Kalman filter to forecast and track. Kalman gain is improved through variable forgetting factor which will avoid the accumulation of errors.
卡尔曼增益通过变遗忘因子进行改进，避免误差的累积。
This paper selects samples of 2007-2009 annual analyst earnings forecasts of EPS, measures the impact of factors to forecast errors, focusing on conflict of interests of analysts and fund managers.
选取2007 - 2009年度分析师对于上市公司每股收益的盈利预测数据，衡量预测误差的影响因素，重点考察分析师与基金经理的利益冲突对其的影响。
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