Freezing is a general phenomenon in the cold area. Ice flood is a rise of water when ice is hindered in river course.
冰冻是寒冷地区普遍存在的一种自然现象，而凌汛则是河道里的冰凌对水流的阻力作用而引起的一种涨水现象。
The variations of slope and width, adjustments of flow velocity along the river course as well as the variability of flood in the Yellow River are analyzed based on the observation data.
本文根据黄河主要干支流冲积河段实测高含沙洪水的输沙资料，从黄河下游河道比降、河宽、流速沿程调整、洪水非恒定性等方面分析研究了冲积河道输沙特性与河床冲淤特性。
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