When performing operations on a file's meta-information, such as changing its owner, stat-ing the file, or changing its permission bits, first open the file and then use the operations on open files.
当对文件的元信息进行操作时(比如修改它的所有者、对文件进行统计，或者修改它的权限位)，首先要打开该文件，然后对打开的文件进行操作。
In the output above, Git is telling us about file modes; 100644 refers to the octal version of the permission bits on those files.
在上面的输出当中，Git向我们显示有关文件模式的信息；100644表示这些文件的权限的八进制版本。
One alternative is setting the SUID and the SGID permission bits for a file.
一替代选择正在置位SUID和为一个文件SGID许可位元。
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