He also highlighted the importance of having an enabling ESD curriculum framework and encouraging teachers to be the facilitatorsof the learning process.
Teaching-learning materials are designed to help facilitators to develop the reading and writing skills of their learners through a highly instructive teaching-learning process as well as guided practice by the learners (see pictures below).
However, the quality, efficiency and effectiveness of these programmes has been undermined by a lack of adequate resources, an acute shortage of trained manpower, a severe lack of educational and other instructional materials, a shortage oflearning spaces and insufficient motivation for teachers and literacy facilitators due to poor working conditions.