Reasons of the slow economic development in the provincial border areas include: natural geographical factors, systematic reasons, and transportation elements.

省际边境地区经济发展缓慢主要是由：自然地理因素、体制因素、交通因素造成的。

youdao

The economic impact in a socialized environment; its development maybe affected by various elements, and maybe the effects of Financial Policy of Derate and Subsidy itself is not so serious.

当然，经济效果的衡量应考虑到多方面的影响，其中两免三补政策本身是否真的如一些学者所推测或者媒体所渲染的那样产生立竿见影的效果，其实不然。

youdao

Affordable energy services are key elements of economic development and eradication of extreme poverty as called for in the United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).

UNESCO: Biodiversity Initiative