Unfortunately, this is no coincidence, it is the cause and effect data.

很不幸，并非巧合。 这是一组内含因果关系的数据。

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In fact, when Twenge previously used this data to suggest a screen time effect, some commentators were quick to raise this problem.

事实上，当特文格之前使用这些数据来说明屏幕时间效应时，一些评论者很快就提出了这个问题。

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A case in point is the study by Linda Sax at UCLA, who used data from a large national survey of college freshmen to evaluate the effect of single-sex versus coeducational high schools.

加州大学洛杉矶分校的琳达·萨克斯的研究就是一个恰当的例子，她利用了一项全国性的大一新生调查来评估单性别高中和男女混合高中的效果。

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In each of the examples above, we witness the compelling effect of data transformed from an abstract state to a physical representation on a map, instantly bringing it to life.

FORBES: Why Animated Data Maps Work So Well

Researchers hope the sheer volume of participants will wash out the effect of bad data.

WSJ: Heart Disease Study Aims to Chart Risk of Heart Attacks, Strokes in Real Time

Government spending cuts which came into force on 1 March may have an effect on future data.

BBC: US factory orders rise thanks to aircraft sales