In the carburizing process, rare earth elements could promote the decomposition and absorption of medium and the diffusion of carbon atom.

在渗碳过程中，稀土元素对介质的分解，吸收和碳原子的扩散都起到了促进作用。

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From inner to outside, the composite pipe consisted of alumina ceramic layer, metal transition layer, white cast layer, carbon atom diffusion layer and nodular cast iron layer.

复合管从里到外由氧化铝陶瓷层、金属过渡层、白口铸铁层、碳原子扩散层、球墨铸铁层组成。

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Carbon-poor area forms by way of random fluctuation and carbon atom diffusion. Bainitic ferrites nucleate in carbon-poor austenite.

依靠随机涨落，形成贫碳区，贝氏体铁素体在贫碳的奥氏体中形核。

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