The exergy gains unit area is proposed for an optimized design of heat exchanger , and its formulae are provided when cold and heat fluid are under the various basic conditions.
利用单位面积（火用）收益-E_F作为换热器优化设计的目标函数，导出了冷、热流体处在各种基本状态下E_F的表达式。
The result indicates that: density stratification in density lock formed by hot and cold fluid can prevent heat transfer downward in the vertical channel;
研究结果表明：在竖直通道中，冷热流体在密度锁内形成的密度分层能抑制热量向下传递；
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