Civil litigation cost is a theoretical and practical problem.

民事诉讼费用既是一个理论问题，又是一个实践问题。

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Moreover, the essay introduces the historical development of civil litigation cost system in China, and provides comparison on respective characters in each stage.

其次，本文全面介绍和具体比较了我国民事诉讼费用制度的历史沿革，并分析了不同阶段的各自特点。

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The construction of cost-sharing system of civil procedure is designed to realize the goal of optimal allocation among the relative parties in terms of civil litigation costs.

建构民事诉讼成本分担制度的目的是实现民事诉讼成本在相关主体间的优化分配。

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She said the set of guidelines had ended up being overly bureaucratic because of a fear of civil litigation, cost-cutting and because it was an easy way to avoid work that was regarded as more difficult.

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Since Delaware law indemnifies company officers from paying most civil damages, they are rarely exposed to the direct cost of shareholder litigation anyway.

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The feds threaten to sue the cities unless they agree to a civil-rights monitor, and most cities agree, to avoid the cost of litigation.

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