Under "civil asset forfeiture" laws, they typically do not have to prove "beyond a reasonable doubt" that a crime was committed, or even charge anyone with an offence.

根据《公民财产没收法》，警方这么做无需“有充分依据”证明犯罪事实，甚至无需指控有人犯罪。

youdao

Tax evasion remains a civil offence in Switzerland, despite Ms del Ponte's efforts to get it made a criminal one.

ECONOMIST: Private banking

Make illegal entry punishable as a felony, not a civil offence.

FORBES: Guest Post: Choosing Where Taxes Go

"If there was also a register of offenders who have been ordered to stay away from their victims, and if breaking an injunction for non molestation is made a criminal rather than a civil offence, this could help too, " she said.

BBC: 'I thought abuser would kill me'