He found that, by charging a capacitor to various voltages and discharging it by short-circuiting it with the fuse, he could create a controlled amount of surge current.

他发现通过电容充电到各种电压，用保险丝短路放电，可以形成一个可控的浪涌电流。

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While it is charging, a voltage comparator constantly compares the voltage across the capacitor to a reference voltage.

当充电时，一个电压比较器就不断地将通过电容器的电压和一个参照电压进行比较。

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It limits the charging current of each capacitor and also protects the relays in case a capacitor becomes short-circuited.

它限制每个电容器的充电电流，并在电容器发生短路时保护继电器。

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"Esha Khare, 18, of Saratoga, California has received the Intel Foundation Young Scientist Award for developing a fast-charging super-capacitor that fits inside a cell phone, charges the battery in under a minute, and holds it for long, " the paper adds.

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