The surrogate country approach violates the basic doctrines of justice and non-discrimination of international trade law, and the approach itself is unreasonable.

替代国制度严重违背了国际贸易的公平原则与非歧视待遇原则，其制度本身也具有极大的不合理性。

youdao

Some will be less happy with his treatment of Christianity's early years, when basic doctrines were being hammered out.

ECONOMIST: A history of Christianity