The widened section, usually concrete, at the base or bottom of a foundation wall, pier or column.
被加宽的部分，通常是混凝土，在基础墙壁，柱桩或支撑柱体的基础或底部。
In the railway engineering, the method of cofferdam construction is usually adopted in the bridge base, pier and abutment in deep-water.
铁路工程中，深水处的桥梁基础、墩台多采用围堰施工。
The paper introduced type of level force of flexible pier base, how to calculate perfect temperature force, brake force, how to analyze non-perfect condition, and the noticed problems in the design.
本文介绍了墩台承受水平力类型，理想情况温度力、制动力如何计算，非理想情况如何简化分析，以及设计中注意的问题。
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