In 1999 Argentina froze the tariffs in pesos, which were later devalued.

ECONOMIST: Foreign-investment disputes

In 2002, Argentina converted gas tariffs from dollars to devalued pesos and froze them.

ECONOMIST: Energy in South America

To prevent a catastrophic deflation as speculators turned in their pesos, Cavallo arranged for stopgap loans from the IMF (Argentina was tossed into a temporary recession because the IMF demanded major tax boosts as a condition for the bridge-loan financing).

FORBES: Fact and Comment