It appeared in English about the same time as pest, just a little earlier, and at first meant to entangle or to set up a barrier to progress.

它和pest大约在同一时间出现在英语当中，还要稍微更早一些，一开始的意思是“缠绕”或者“设置障碍阻挠进程”。

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For others, they are stifling and a barrier to social progress.

但对其他国家来说，又是社会进步的阻碍。

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He added the council had been a barrier to progress on this matter and had also failed to encourage stronger schools to convert to academy status.

BBC: North Yorkshire accuses Gove over schools criticism

The education secretary has described East Sussex County Council as a barrier to the progress of the government's academy programme.

BBC: Michael Gove

"Poor nutrition is driving a literacy and numeracy crisis in developing countries, and is also a huge barrier to further progress in tackling child deaths, " said Jasmine Whitbread, Save the Children International's Chief Executive.

BBC: Child drinks from bowl (file image)