多年生或一年生草本。茎直立或斜升。叶舌膜质，钝圆，常具叶耳；叶片线形扁平。颖果腹部凹陷，具纵沟，与内稃粘合不易脱离，有些在成熟后肿胀。本属约有10种，主产地中海区域，分布于欧亚大陆的温带地区。
内也存在丝状内生真菌，产生毒麦碱，引起人和动物神经系统中毒，严重的甚至会死亡，同时能诱发部分黑麦草属植物发生盲种病。
There are some filamentous endophytic fungi living in darnel (L. temulentum) and producing temuline which results in the nerve system poisoning or death of human being and live stocks.
通过愈伤组织培养、悬浮细胞培养、原生质体培养等手段，对早熟禾属、黑麦草属、结缕草属和剪股颖属的一些物种已建立了较为完善的植株再生体系。
Plant regeneration system of the species of genus Lolium, Poa, Zoysia, Agrostis and Festuca were established by means of solid medium culture, suspension culture, and protoplast suspension culture.
叶腐病由腐霉属真菌的菌丝体危害所致，主要损害多年生黑麦草的叶片，影响植株分蘖，造成草坪自然稀疏。
Leaf mould was attacked by Fusarium nival, and had effect on perennial ryegrass's leaves and tillers, leading turf to become sparse.
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