本文主要从文化史的角度，考察了基层社会士绅阶层的形成及与新宗族制度的关系和意义。

The article reviews the form of the Gentry in local society, the relation between its form and the new Patriarchal clan's system and its influence from the Angle of the cultural history.

youdao

本文分三个阶段论析池莉的小说创作，认为其小说创作反映了中国城市居民的一种生存状态，细致地表现了转型期中社会市民阶层的形成与状况，具有独特的认识价值。

This article is divided into three parts when analysing the chili's novel. The author thinks that her novel has display an existing state of Chinese citizens, and has special value.

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长期失业的人正形成新的贫困阶层。

The long-term unemployed are becoming a new underclass.

《牛津词典》