对蚜虫重寄生蜂的种类、生物学特性、生态学特性及蚜虫重寄生蜂对生物防治的影响进行了较详细的综述。
This paper deals with a detailed review on the species, biology, ecology and their effect on biological control of aphid hyperparasitoids.
苹果树、金纹细蛾及其寄生蜂通过取食、寄生、重寄生等方式，在自然界中构成了4级营养食物链（网），相互依存，协同进化。
The apple trees, Lithocolletis ringoniella and its parasitic wasps constituted the 4 grade nutritional food chain(web) in the natural capital, and they were interdependent and coevolution.
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