学习应该包含有激发性游戏的元素，这一概念在学术界的大部分人看来只是愚蠢，但事实就是如此。

The notion that learning should have in it an element of inspired play would seem to the greater part of the academic establishment merely silly, but that is nonetheless the case.

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本教程建立在本系列文章（请参见 参考资料）的前两部分教程中所介绍的一些概念的基础之上，所以您应该在完成前两部分教程的学习之后，再开始学习本教程。

This tutorial builds on several concepts introduced in the first two installments in this series (see Resources), so you should take them before attempting this tutorial.

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21世纪学习借鉴了整体论的概念，也就是亚里士多德的理论——只有整体的观察系统，才能理解它，而不能只研究它们的组成部分。

21st century learning draws upon the concept of holism, the Aristotelian idea that systems can only be understood by looking at them as a whole, and not simply by investigating their parts.

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