所有这类相互通信的平行进程的分层网络的卖点就是：它们是完全确定的。
The selling point for all such layered networks of communicating parallel processes is that they are completely deterministic.
协议不匹配：与通信协议异构性相关的问题是，不同的应用程序需要使用不兼容的协议相互通信。
Protocol mismatch: Related to the heterogeneity of communication protocols is the problem that different applications want to communicate with each other using incompatible protocols.
中间件层为开发健壮的相互通信的应用程序提供了一个平台，与通信的具体实现方式分开考虑。
A middleware layer provides a platform for the deployment of robust, intercommunicating applications, separate from the concerns of exactly how the communication is achieved.
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