在2.1图中，环绕中心维度的外部维度是研究人员对问题所采取的努力的透镜(或理论)，或正在进行研究的维度。

The outer circle surrounding the central dimensions in Figure 2.1 represents the lenses (or theories) that researchers bring to bear on the questions or dimensions being studied.

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对于大口径精密投影光刻制版镜头来说，透镜的应力变形和中心误差对整个系统的成像质量有较大影响。

For big aperture's precision photolithographic plate-making lenses, the stress distortion and centering errors of lenses can make a bad effect on imaging quality.

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给出了等直径双圆筒透镜的中心偏对图象质量的影响。

The influence of the misalignment of equi-diameter cylinder bipotential immersion electron lense on image quality are given.

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