怎样找到一个远古文明产生的秘诀？

Looking for a recipe for a great civilization?

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根据一项新研究，沿地壳构造板块边缘的地震带远比缺乏活动的地带更可能产生伟大的远古文明，研究者称这种联系说明通常被视为破坏性的地质能量，比如地震，在人类历史中或许也起过建设性作用。

Researchers say the relationship suggests that forces typically viewed as destructive--such as earthquakes--might have also played a constructive role in human history.

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然而至今尚存的远古文明已经不多，礼物经济也不是一种标准。

There are few primitive cultures left on the planet, and gift economies are not the norm.

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That is, until the great archaeological discoveries of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, which unearthed for us the great civilizations of the Ancient Near East, of which I have drawn a remarkably life-like map ] here on the board: Mediterranean, I always start with the Mediterranean Ocean, the Nile River, the Tigris and the Euphrates.

直到十九至二十世纪,一些重大的考古发现，才让我们了解到,远古近东的文明,我已经在黑板上画了一幅,栩栩如生的地图了：,地中海，我总是从地中海讲起，尼罗河，底格里斯河，还有幼发拉底河。

耶鲁公开课 - 旧约导论课程节选