...英语专业八级人文知识-语言的本质 第一节 语言的本质一、语言的普遍特征(Design Features)1. 任意性Arbitratriness：shu 和Tree都能表示“树”这一概念;同样的声音，各国不同的表达方式2.
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广泛性成长障碍例如自闭症和Asperger综合征都有重复行为、语言和与他人交往能力的普遍障碍的特征。
PDDs, such as autism and Asperger’s disorder, are marked by repetitive behavior and pervasive impairments in language and the ability to relate to others.
汉语的词缀与其他一些语言中的词缀相比，一方面使用不普遍，另一方面在特征上也不典型。
Affixes in Chinese show some special characteristics and they are not as typical as affixes in other languages.
语言类型学研究的目的是通过语言之间的比较，寻找人类语言的普遍联系和共同特征。
The study of language typology aims at identifying features that are common to all or most of languages through cross-linguistic comparison.
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