现代隐喻观认为隐喻是人类的思维方式和认知工具，语言本质上是隐喻性的。
Modern metaphorical theory holds the belief that a metaphor is a mould of thought and a tool of cognition, and that language is of metaphorical nature.
这一观点与索绪尔的语言观有着本质的区别。
This view is intrinsically distinct from Saussures linguistic view.
单向性之争本质上是功能学派和生成学派两种语言演变观的冲突与较量；
It is argued that (1) the debate over Unidirectionality reflects actually the conflict between the functionalist view of language change and formalist view of language change respectively;
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