给定解析树，可以应用清单3中的算法来计算转换函数。

Given the parse tree, you apply the algorithm in Listing 3 to compute the transition function.

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优化过程中，能量函数关于光学参数的梯度计算是关键，本文提出一种基于梯度树的梯度求解方法。

In the process of optimization, the gradient computation of the energy function with respect to optical parameters is critical, for which, an algorithm based on the gradient tree is put forward.

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