一旦一项法律原则被表述为某一案件的判决理由，根据进行判决的法院的不同，它就成为一种拘束性或者说服性的法律权威。

Once a legal principle has been stated as the ratio decidendi of a case it will stand as a binding or persuasive authority according to the court in which it was formulated.

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将近十七世纪末期的时候，衡平法被指常常无端拓展，从此以后衡平法也开始转向一种拘束性先例的体系。

Towards the end of the seventeenth century criticism of equity as being uncertain intensified and from that time onward equity also moved towards a system of binding precedent.

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Then we read, or at least we think we read, that Satan's spear is small, and then we realize over the course of this reading process that Satan's spear is unimaginable, and we realize that our time-bound mode of knowing is ultimately inadequate to understand anything about the inscrutable truths of eternity: this is according to Fish.

然后又读到，至少我们认为读到，撒旦的长矛又很小，接着我们意识到了在阅读的过程中,撒旦的长矛实际上是不可想象的，并且我们被特定时代拘束的理解模式,是不足以理解任何,有关永恒的难以预测的真相的：,这是费什告诉我们的道理。

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