水钉的作用，使土钉体外表面与土体界面接触粘结力与摩擦阻力显著降低。
By action of water to nail, Bond between soil and nail a was obviously reduced.
通常将垂直柱体在波浪场中的受力分为正向力(顺流力)与升力，它们是由干粘性流绕钝体产生的摩擦阻力和由于水流绕柱分离产生涡漩而形成柱表面压力分布的不均匀变化而造成的。
When waves act on a vertical cylinder, there are in-line and lift forces. They are caused by the viscous effect, which induces the surface frictional force and flow separation and vortex shedding.
若流线型物体表面的摩擦阻力系数仅为相对粗糙度的函数，则形状阻力系数与雷诺数无关。
Since if the frictional resistance coefficient is a function of relative roughness, then the form resistance coefficient is independent of the Reynolds number.
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