石油主要是由烷烃、环烷烃和芳香烃组成的混合物，具有致癌、致畸、致突变的潜在性。
Petroleum is a kind of compound composed of alkane, cyclane and aromatics, which have the potentiality leading to cancer, deformity and mutation.
综述了微生物对链烷烃、环烷烃和芳香烃的降解途径、机理和降解动力学，分析了温度、营养物质、氧及盐度等非生物因素对降解作用的影响。
Biodegradation ways, mechanism and kinetics of alkanes, cyclanes and arenes are reviewed, and the influences of temperature, nutrients, oxygen and salinity on biodegradation are analyzed.
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