当喷流中的粒子撞击到可见光或者红外波长上的光子，将导致光子能量跃迁，形成伽玛射线。

When particles in the jet strike a photon of visible or infrared light, they cause the photon to jump up in energy and become a gamma ray.

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通过统计所发出X光的数量，然后对照激光脉冲的频率，测量小组能得出一个非常精确的测量值，从2s能级到2p能级跃迁所需的量子能量。

By counting the number of such X-rays while scanning the frequency of the laser pulse, the team could make a very precise measurement of the photon energy required to drive the 2s-2p transition.

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把温度改变一点，也没有足够的能量使分子跃迁。

Change the temperature a little bit, still not enough thermal energy to get up there.

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So this means that we can go directly from the energy between two levels to the frequency of the photon that's emitted when you go between those levels.

这意味着我们可以直接,从两个能级的能量得到它们之间,跃迁发射出光子的频率。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选

p So to jump from the 2 s to the 2 p, takes more energy than we can actually compensate with by increasing the pull from the nucleus.

也就是，从，2，s，跃迁到，消耗的能量超过了,由于原子核的引力增强而补偿的能量。

麻省理工公开课 - 化学原理课程节选