根据能量耗散率与剪切率的关系，采用体积平均能量耗散率计算环空管流的平均剪切率，以此来评价环空管流的剪切作用。
According to the relationship between energy dissipation rate and shear rate, average shear rate to evaluate the shear action for annular pipe flow is obtained by using energy dissipation rate.
对于静态、绝热吸积流，比能量E、比角动量L和质量吸积率M都是空间的常量。
For a stationary, adiabatic flow the specific energy E, specific angular momentum L and mass accretion rate M are constant in space.
为激光焊机研制的恒流充电、高能量、长脉冲输出脉冲激光电源，运转数年，表明这种电源安全、可靠、省电、故障率低。
The Laser supply that is charged by constant electric current . has high energy and long pulse width was developed for laser welder. It has been used for several years.
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