更复杂的程序可能使用操作系统信号和简单网络管理协议（Simple Network Management Protocol，SNMP）管理可用性。

Programs that are more sophisticated might use operating system signals and Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) to manage availability.

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我们需要创建一个桥接网络，因此我们需要在操作系统的软件管理部分安装bridge - util包。

We need to create a bridge network, so we need to install the bridge-util package in the software management section of the operating system.

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PaaS 提供商：提供商至少要控制操作系统、硬件、网络基础架构和资源管理。

PaaS provider: At a minimum, the provider controls operating systems, hardware, network infrastructure, and resource management.

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