几乎所有的传统流感疫苗都是通过在鸡胚中增殖病毒而获得德，这是一个缓慢的过程，某些毒株甚至更慢——包括2009年的H1N 1流感病毒。

Nearly all conventional flu vaccines are made by growing the virus in chicken eggs, a slow process that is even slower with some strains - including 2009 H1N1 flu.

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被感染人员是病毒主要携带者和增殖者，是未受感染蚊子的病毒源。

Infected humans are the main carriers and multipliers of the virus, serving as a source of the virus for uninfected mosquitoes.

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此外，组蛋白乙酰转移酶的活性对HIV的增殖是必要的，至少一个科学小组建议组蛋白乙酰转移酶或相似的酶做为靶点也许是抑制病毒一个新方式。

In addition, hat activity is necessary for the multiplication of HIV, leading at least one scientific group to suggest that targeting HATs or similar enzymes might be an new way to thwart the virus.

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They found that certain cells, in particular, epithelial cells from monkey kidneys, were very effective at propagating the virus.

他们发现有些细胞,尤其是在猴肾脏的上皮细胞中,这种病毒能够有效地增殖

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Make a lot of the virus, it has all of its antigenic epitopes on it, but we'll just kill it so that it can't replicate.

先增殖出大量的病毒,病毒表面有特定的抗原决定簇,然后杀死病毒使其无法复制

耶鲁公开课 - 生物医学工程探索课程节选