在软件开发生命周期中，逻辑数据模型（Logical Data Models，LDM）常常被忽略，但是出于多种原因，它在 SOA 中的地位变得日益重要。
were frequently overlooked in the software development life cycle, but they become increasingly more important in SOA for many reasons.
通过竞争地位的模型分析、价值链分析和产品生命周期分析三条途径来识别企业的竞争优势。
Three ways are proposed to analyze different corporations and then recognize the competitive superiority, i. e., the models of competitive status, value chains and life period of products.
软件确认测试在软件测试生命周期中占有重要地位。
Validation testing plays an important role in the life cycle of software development.
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