...罗马法系直至海上留置与抵押权公约(第2条第4款)生效之前,法国直到1949年,对于碰撞损害赔偿,一直拒绝海上留置权(maritime lien)。罗马法学者认为特权(privilege)只能由合同赋予,而不能由侵权行为产生。
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无船承运人具有承运人的法律地位,并继续享有海上货物留置权,但其签发的提单有别于一般的海运提单。
The NVOCC (None Vessel Operating Common Carriers)belongs to carrier and still enjoys marine cargo lien, but the bill of lading it issues is something different with the normal bill of lading .
在海上货物运输活动中,经常遇到留置权问题,很多国家法律对此都作了规定。
During the activities of Marine cargo transportation, right of lien, as a common problem often arisen has been defined by law in most countries.
由于规定比较笼统,加之海上货物运输关系所具有的复杂性,使理论和实践对留置权问题产生了不同理解。
There exists some different understandings in theory and practice due to the obscure definition and the complexity of ocean carriage.
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