我们用肉眼是看不到河外星系的。

Extragalactic nebula is invisible to the naked eye.

youdao

这些类星体的河外星系是由当黑洞所发射的电子与大爆炸所遗留下来的宇宙背景辐射碰撞后所形成的，它为天文学家提供了关于早期宇宙的线索。

These quasar jets are formed when electrons emitted from a black hole impact with cosmic background radiation left by the big bang, giving astronomers clues about the conditions in the early universe.

youdao

本文据此说明：河外星系红移是光子在其特征力场作用下的离散运动的直接结果。

This result suggests that the red-shifts of galaxies are direct results of photon motion in the discrete space-time under photon's own force field.

youdao