我国1996年制定的《行政处罚法》第一次规定了正式行政听证程序制度，但尚存在众多难题。
In 1996, our Administrative Sanction Law first provides the system of formal hearing procedure; however, there are still more puzzling problems.
行政立法正式听证与非正式听证的实质性区别在于行政立法主体受听证笔录拘束的程度。
The substantive difference between formal hearing and informal hearing for the administrative legislation lies in the degree by which the administrative legislator is bound by the records of hearing.
因此，行政机关可以利用通知和评论程序，或与利益集团进行非正式协商，或就重要的规则（技术上属于《行政程序法》免责范畴）举行公开听证。
Thus it can use notice-and-comment procedures, or confer informally with affected interest groups, or hold public hearings on important rules that are technically exempt from the APA.
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